@booklet {3145844,
	title = {Expenditure Visibility and Consumer Behavior: New Evidence},
	year = {2023},
	abstract = {<p>
	Expenditure visibility{\textemdash}the extent to which a household{\textquoteright}s spending on a consumption category is noticeable to others{\textemdash}is measured in three new surveys, with ~3,000 telephone and online respondents. Visibility shows little change across time (ten years) and survey methods. Four different notions, or dimensions, of visibility are measured: the noticeability of above-average spending on a category; that of below-average spending; and the positivity/negativity of impressions made by above- and below-average spending. Jointly, these visibility measures explain up to three quarters or more of the observed variation in total-expenditure elasticities across consumption categories in U.S. data. Possible theoretical explanations are explored.
</p>
},
	url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3243791},
	author = {Ori Heffetz}
}
